The American Political System Essay - 661 Words

The American Political System The American political system is a federal system, which consists of division of a national government and state governments. However, it was not always a federal system, it was not based on the Constitution, but on the Articles of Confederation. This system divides authority between sovereign national and state government. Under the Articles of the Confederation, each state retained its ultimate governing authority. .[1]â€Å"The power of government must be equal to its responsibilities.†¦show more content†¦The state government was protected under the Articles of Confederation and had the ultimate governing authority. 2â€Å"The government of the Articles was a union of states rather than also of people. The result was a weak national governm ent, since its strength depended entirely of the states’ willingness to cooperate (p 61).† If the states refused to pay the national government could not do anything to get the money. The final result of non-payment from the states was a weaker national defense. The states wanted to retain their sovereignty and argued that the national government would not be able serve the people as well as the union of states. Under the new governing system known as federalism the state government would have the responsibilities of the chartering of local governments, education, public safety, registration and voting, intrastate commerce. In 1787 a new form of government was introduced at the Philadelphia convention, which changed the power between national and state governments. 3â€Å"The Philadelphia convention thereby devised a governing system that came to be known as federalism. Federalism is the division of sovereignty, or ultimate governing authority between a national government and regional (that is, state) governments. Each directly governs the people and derives it powersShow MoreRelatedThe American Political System3334 Words   |  14 PagesAMERICAN POLITICAL SYSTEM Contents The Constitution The Presidency Presidential Primaries The House Of Representatives The Senate The Supreme Court Political Parties Elections The Federal System Recent Trends A Divided Democracy American Exceptionalism THE CONSTITUTION Unlike Britain but like most nation states, the American political system is clearly defined by basic documents. The Declaration of Independence of 1776 and the Constitution of 1789 form the foundations of the UnitedRead MorePolitical Parties And The American Political System1657 Words   |  7 Pagesthe rift in the American political system marked by the ongoing clash between our political parties: the Republicans and the Democrats. These parties’ dissenting ideas seem to create non-stop conflict as each party relentlessly competes for the support and votes of the American people. However, over two hundred years ago in the early days of our country’s government, political parties did not even exist. Early leaders, such as the revered George Washington, feared that political parties would splitRead MoreThe Evolution Of The American Political System1284 Words   |  6 Pages1.Analyze the evolution of the American political system. Be sure to include one individual or d ocument that influenced the Constitution and one change in the federal system. John Locke was been one of Americas most significant figures who influence how the country’s political system works today. Locke redefined the whole nature of the government, his views were similar to Thomas Hobbes’ ideas (Hobbes concluded that people are incapable of ruling themselves because it’s in our nature to self-centeredRead MoreRussian And American Political Systems1572 Words   |  7 PagesMikaylia A. Dudley Dr. Anna Gregg POLS 3190 - Research Paper for Group Presentation 3/3/2015 Russian and American Political Systems in Comparative Perspective Russian and American political systems are alike in the perspective of comparison. Both governments provide a framework for three branches of government: the executive, the legislative, and judicial. Both countries also have a bicameral legislature as well as separate elections of the legislature and the executive branch. Both countries areRead MoreThe Politics Of The American Political System Essay1647 Words   |  7 PagesThe American political system is always susceptible to change. In recent decades, the United States has experienced an increase in political polarization between the two parties. These extreme views resonate with the Americans that sit at the tips of the ideological spectrum, but the majority of people have more moderate ideologies. Most fall in between the two extremes, holding different combinations of social and economic values that make it difficult to place each person on the traditional linearRead MoreThe Current American Political System1214 Words   |  5 PagesThe current American political system has many flaws, and problems that affect our everyday life as American citizens. Our government is quite possibly the biggest problem in our country. In my honest opinion, I feel as if the government does not completely satisfy the wants and needs of the citizens in this country, or protect the citizens. We have seen many executive decisions that the American people do not accept, or follow. One of the biggest mistakes in our recent history was elected PresidentRead MoreThe American Political System Changes2757 Words   |  12 Pages The American political system changes regularly. Any small political change like increasing or decreasing tariffs on imported goods might keep customers from buying Walmart’s products which it could adversely affect its accounting and financial profits. Walmart is currently operates globally. So, they need to follow certain regulations and rules of host countries in their operations. Most of these factors are beyond their control and they could negatively affect their operations internationallyRead MoreThe Bristish Versus the American Political System775 Words   |  3 Pagesdemocracy? I would simply label it as equality; however is everyone in the world politically equal? Nor America or Britain are fully democratic, nevertheless to my disappointment I firmly believe that the British political system is massively more open to corruption than the Americans and we should be taking advice from our foreign cousins. Democracy has become a war on modern day society and previous civilisations; it is still a hot topic and is still causing issues within our lives and othersRead MoreThe Extreme Dichotomy Of The American Political System1805 Words   |  8 Pagesmodern day America for a variety of reasons. One of these reasons is the extreme dichotomy of the American political system. Another reason is how our criminal justice system is set up to function: there are two sides to every story, and it is only natural that there are supporters of crime control more so than due process, and vice versa, simply because these two ‘sides’ exist. The American political system is an extremely diverse beast, ranging from radical liberals to radical conservatives and everythingRead MoreEssay Disillusionment With the American Political System3929 Words   |  16 Pagesrisen. Overall, Americans are feeling less connected to one another than ever before. One casualty of this national disillusionment is the American political system. The average citizen no longer trusts the government to do what is in the nation’s best interest. A rapidly growing number of Americans do not bother to vote. Many feel that their participation in the system will have little or no effect in the long run. Some believe that the answer to such widespread political apathy is the internet

Edgar Allan Poe and Insanity Essay - 3421 Words

Edgar Allan Poe and Insanity Edgar Allan Poe shows how subconscious fears and guilt can lead to insanity through the irrational behaviors shown by the narrators in â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† and â€Å"The Black Cat†. Both narrators have committed a crime due to their insanity in an attempt to relieve themselves from their fear and guilt, but instead ultimately cause their further decline of mental stability. Edgar Allan Poe was orphaned at an early age, later being adopted by John Allan. In his early adulthood, he developed malignant habits of alcoholism and debt. During his time, activists in the temperance movement blamed alcohol for corruptions such as violence and the destruction of family life. People during this time also had a†¦show more content†¦The narrator has a fear of the old man in â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†, which also causes his murder. Poe shows a sense of panic in the narrator’s voice by switching between calm, logical statements and quick irrational outbursts. By using first person narrative, not only does it heighten the tension and fear running through the mind of the narrator, but it also allows us to experience and feel his fear (â€Å"Tell Tale†). The narrator makes clear that he is â€Å"very, very dreadfully nervous† (Poe, â€Å"Tell-Tale† 445) when he says, â€Å"I have told you that I am nervous: so I am. And now at the dead hour of the night, amid the dreadful silence of that old house, so strange a noise as this excited me to uncontrollable terror† (Poe, â€Å"Tell-Tale† 447). According to James Gargano, he makes us understand that the voluble murderer has been tortured by the nightmarish terrors he attributes to his victim: he was sitting up in bed listening; just as I have done night after night, harkening to the death watches in the wall’; further, the narrator interprets the old man’s groan in terms of his own persistent anguish: many a night, just at midnight, when all the world slept, it has welled up from my own bosom, deepening, with its dreadful echo, the terrors that distracted me. (Gargano) The narrator seems to live in â€Å"a haunted and eerie world of his own demented making† (â€Å"Tell Tale†). He fears the old man’sShow MoreRelatedEssay on Insanity: The Tell-Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe1165 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† by Edgar Allan Poe is a first-person narrative short story that showcases an enigmatic and veiled narrator. The storyteller makes us believe that he is in full control of his mind yet he is experiencing a disease that causes him over sensitivity of the senses. As we go through the story, we can find his fascination in proving his sanity. The narrator lives with an old man, who has a clouded, pale blue, vulture-like eye that makes him so helpless that he kills the old man. HeRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe Influences709 Words   |  3 Pagesof the most influential American writers ever. He is Edgar Allen Poe. Poe was an expert writer in the dark Gothic style. He once said, â€Å"Words have no power to impress the mind without the exquisite horror of their reality. Edgar Allan Poe’s Life influenced his life because of people claiming he was insane, due to many of his dark and scary stories, loss of his wife, foster mother, and mother, and also his st rong addiction to alcohol. Insanity is a common theme in Poe’s work, this includes, Fall ofRead MoreEdgar Allan Poes Fear of Self1286 Words   |  6 PagesEdgar A. Poe s Fear of Self Edgar Allan Poe was a unique man that most people could not understand. Many recognize that he is a talented writer with a very strange and dark style. One of his most well known short stories is The Fall Of The House Of Usher. Many argue the different meanings of this story and how it is symbolic to his life. Poe was a very confused individual who needed to express him self, he accomplished this through the short story of The Fall Of The House Of Usher. ThroughRead More Edgar Allan Poe Exposed in The Fall Of The House Of Usher Essay1283 Words   |  6 PagesEdgar Allan Poe Exposed in â€Å"The Fall Of The House Of Usher† Edgar Allan Poe was a unique man that most people could not understand. Many recognize that he is a talented writer with a very strange and dark style. One of his most well known short stories is â€Å"The Fall Of The House Of Usher.† Many argue the different meanings of this story and how it is symbolic to his life. Poe was a very confused individual who needed to express himself, he accomplished this through the short story of â€Å"The FallRead MoreAn Analysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s The Tell Tale Heart 1015 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Insane in the Membrane† Edgar Allan Poe is one of the most acclaimed short story writers of all time and is considered the father of the psychological thriller. He has achieved ever-lasting fame for his work in various fields of literature, from prose to verse. However, it is his Gothic narrative, in the short story realm he is greatest known for and is regarded as one of the foremost masters of horror that the United States has ever fashioned. The crucial component to these horror stories isRead MoreThe Fall of the House of Usher1239 Words   |  5 Pageshouse collapsed in the middle of a forest, and no one was around to hear it, did it make a sound? With such wonders, death, and darkness also come the work of Edgar Allan Poe. Edgar Allan Poe is known as a literature legend. He wrote many complicated horror and detective fiction stories, which also represents the artsy twentieth century (â€Å"Poe† 1316). Many of his works are poems and short stories. As for his life, it started out pretty gloomi ly. Both of Poe’s parents had died and he was then sent toRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s The Tell Tale Heart1581 Words   |  7 PagesEdgar Allan Poe wrote many gothic stories with twisted themes and ideas. An example in his works is the conception of overthinking something that is not there. Many of these tales end with someone being killed due to the fascination of an unrealistic problem trying to be solved. Imagination is a main factor that drives the narrators to become worried. The obsessing narrators in Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†, â€Å"The Black Cat†, and â€Å"The Imp of the Perverse† demonstrate the idea that guiltRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s Life1092 Words   |  5 Pages Edgar Allan Poe lived in a constant state of struggle and misfortune. Poe was raised with no father, while his mother suffered from tuberculosis for the first three years of his life. Following the death of his mother, a young Poe moved into the house of J ohn and Frances Allan. In his lifetime, Poe attended the University of Virginia for one semester, The United States Military Academy at West Point and enlisted in the military under an alias of â€Å"Edgar A. Perry.† (Ober, 1960) After constantly beingRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe : The Father Of Gothic Literature1393 Words   |  6 PagesNovember 3, 2017 Edgar Allan Poe Studies say that Edgar Allan Poe was the father of gothic literature. As an American writer and critic, he went through the struggles of living in poverty, having a drinking and gambling problem, and being judge based on his decisions. He was best known as an author of gothic fiction. He had a life of misfortune and indigence. Edgar Allan Poe was born on January 19,1809 in Boston, Massachusetts to two striving actors, David Poe Jr. and Elizabeth Arnold Poe. Some studiesRead MoreCritical Theory : The Raven1394 Words   |  6 PagesCritical Theory: Post-Structuralism (Deconstructionism) Author: Edgar Allan Poe Work: The Raven Literature has been one of the main sources of inspiration and possibly the most influential of modern media. There have been many authors that have had their works studied and transferred to to the big screen, including Charles Dickens, Herman Mellville, Jane Eyre, Nathanial Hawthorne, and many many more. Amoungst those authors is Edgar Allan Poe, one of America s most well-known 19th century writters. There

Discussion about building great teams

Question: Discuss about theBuilding Great Teams. Answer: Introduction Google has been working on ways that can improve employee productivity and make them more efficient. This led to the need for developing project Aristotle which was mainly focussed on understanding the dynamics that exist between teams that can foster or hinder success. This thus led to the hiring of Julia a research consultant to be able to advise the company on issues of group dynamics and utilising the power of team work and group work. Managers face the challenge of accomplishing tasks within the organization through creating solutions that address the problems (Lord Brown 2004, p. 9). This means that the manager has to overcome group dynamics and create a team that is able to meet the requirements and the objectives of the organization. Background Google has been having different team projects that require employees to work in groups. This means that the company has been faced with the challenge of group dynamics which has hindered the productivity of employees. Different teams have existed within the organizations and have been managed by team leaders or unit managers like Matt. However there has been a challenge since the groups do not have clear set norms that govern the groups and determine how the groups operate. This led to the design of project Aristotle that aimed at determining factors that can improve team productivity and efficiency. This was being done by an independent researcher whose aim is analysing the organizational dynamics and how teams have operated and the way they are managed. Positive Management Approaches From the case study, Google has based its management on working in teams and group work. This entails that tasks are not assigned to individuals but rather to teams with a team leader in charge of each team. The teams are formed based on specific tasks and later disbanded after the task. Employees within the organization are specialized with each employee concentrating on the area that they are good at. This is seen during group sessions where each member speaks specifically when the discussion touches the area of specialization. Negative Management Approaches One negative management approach within the organization is lack of clear set norms that govern teams within the organization. Teams are based on particular norms that govern the team and rules of engagement. Manoj . Shilpa (2013, p. 311) suggest that mixing formal and informal norms within teams helps create the best teams. Low motivation patterns within the organization have lowered the effectiveness and efficiency of employees. Donelson (2006, p. 15) argues that employee productivity can be increased through motivation and managing the work place properly. Motivated employees give their best to the organization increasing profitability and efficiency within the organization. Identification of Issues and Problems One of the major problems being faced by Google is the management of teams within the organization. Different teams exist but lack clear set norms that determine how employees need to relate in a team. Some teams have existed in a more formal way while others have overlapped both formal and informal characteristics that shape their interaction. Group norms form accepted standard behaviour within the group and limit the action of members in a group. There is a growing interest on group norms and their role in management (Dianna 2006, p. 12). The social norms approach suggests that group influences have a greater role in shaping the behaviour of an individual. Group dynamics theorists argue that dynamics and norms within a team help the team to accomplish tasks that are beyond the capability of an individual. Tuckmans five stage theories explain the stages that teams go through before they can be able to work independently. However the Asch effect threatens group effectiveness that makes the group to choose defective decisions. This arises when the group lacks clear set norms that determine how the group operates (Manoj . Shilpa 2013, p. 311). The organization lacks ways that make employees productive within the organization. This is due to a hierarchical structure that is full of bureaucracy. System theorists argue that groups are complex systems that have inputs, activities, outputs and outcomes. This means that the management has failed to integrate the different parts of the organization and teams that exist into a system that has a role component for each team and employee. Possible Solutions Developing clear roles that define groups forms the basis of improving the performance of groups. Clear norms within the group equalise participation of each member within the group. This is because group roles are determined by a combination personality and individual experience. This help to equalise the dominant and silent participants within the group (Schein 2011, p. 23). Fapohunda (2013, P. 5) argues that training in group dynamics and how to work as a team can be a factor that can help improve employee participation. This can be through team building programmes that enable employees to interact with each other outside the work environment. This helps to foster a culture team work that reduces chaos and enables employees to discuss how they can foster their work place, strategize for success and make better teams. Team building helps members to understand how to overturn group dynamics into advantage to achieve sustainable result. Intagliata, Ulrich Smallwood (2000, p. 13) argue that restructuring the organizational structure may help in increasing efficiency and decision making. Less structured or flat organizational structures increases communication lines and delegates responsibilities and authority. This is due increased involvement of employees in decision making and increases coordination of tasks. Proposed Solution People always assume to know each other in groups when they actually dont. Team building is an upcoming trend in management used to stimulate team performance and productivity. This is used to explore ways that can improve team performance. Due to the involvement of a wide variety of activities that help to improve team performance and self development, team building makes the employees united towards a common goal of efficiency and increased productivity (Bonday Bruce 2003, p. 17). This will help the organization set goals with employees and determine errors and gaps in management that hinder productivity. Organizing a team building session for the staff will unearth the potential of the team and help the team to develop norms that guide team work and group work. Team building sessions can be organized by the organization depending on the availability of resources. Most organization carry out team building after the end of the business year to evaluate success and set new targets ( Carter, Ulrich, Goldsmith 2005, p20). Recommendations From the solution the organization needs to hold annual team building forums that will help assess the state of the organization. It will be used to measure success by assessing the set targets and further setting new ones. Through the services of a lead consultant, the effectiveness of the team will be assessed and proposed team building strategies suggested that will help improve the organization. Through team building superiority and hierarchical structures are reduced to informal patterns that make employees bond on a common ground. Management should therefore organize for the team building function by ensuring all the resources and information regarding the organization is availed to the lead consultant for analysis and developing an action plan that will fit the organizational dynamics (Donelson 2006, p. 9; Thompson et al 2005, p. 21). Case Interactive Tutorial The case study interactive tutorial is an online tool by the university that allows the student to understand the requirements for the case study. This interactive site is interactive with different resources on how to write a case study and how to present it. It gives the format and how the report should be presented showing the tone and language. Smart Thinking Tutors This provides feedback to students writing by giving tutors comments on the areas that a student may have missed. Smart thinking allows students to find mistakes within their writing and improve their work. How to apply the Harvard referencing style This guides students on how to write academic papers using the Harvard style. It guides students how to quote sources using the Harvard style to avoid plagiarism. References Bonday, M Bruce, S, 2003, Small Group Norms Interventions with Greeks at the University of Virginia. The Report on Social Norms, Volume 3, #3 Carter, L., Ulrich, D., Goldsmith, M. (Eds.), 2005, Best practices in leadership development and organization change. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley Sons. Dianna Jane, 2006. Teams: Teamwork and Team building. Prentice Hall,New York. Donelson R. Forsyth, 2006. Group dynamics. London, Thomson Learning Academic Resource Center. Fapohunda, Tinuke. M, April 2013. Towards Effective Team Building in the Workplace. International Journal of Education and Research Vol. 1 No. 4 April 2013. Intagliata, J., Ulrich, D. Smallwood, N., 2000. Leveraging Leadership Competencies to Produce Leadership Brand: Creating Distinctiveness by Focusing on Strategy and Results. Human Resource Planning, 23(12-19). Lord, R.G., Brown, D.J., 2004, Leadership processes and follower self-identity. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Manoj Kumar Sharma . Shilpa, 2013. Leadership Management: Principles, Models and Theories. Global Journal of Management and Business Studies. Volume 3, Number 3, pp. 309-318. Schein, E. H., 2011. Leadership and organizational culture. New York, NY: Wiley. Thompson, A. A., Strickland, A. J., Gamble, J. E., 2005. Crafting and executing strategy: The quest for competitive advantage: Concepts and cases (4thed.). McGraw Hill, Irwin

Essay on Capital Punishment Example For Students

Essay on Capital Punishment Outline1 Introduction2 Execution and its methods3 Advantages and disadvantages of the executions3.1 Advantages3.2 Disadvantages4 Conclusion Introduction Most of the heated discussions and debates revolve around the topic of capital punishment. Especially it is extremely popular among college students, who have chosen law as their major, to make this topic one of the central ideas of their argumentative essay or even thesis. One can hardly come up with a crueler way to inflict a penalty for wrongdoing than the capital punishment. In law, it is usually defined as the act where the person is to be killed if they have committed such crimes as murder, less majesty, a crime against a human or genocide. Capital punishment is the only possible way to protect people and deter wrongdoing. Till 19th century capital punishment, or in other words the death penalty, was used as the only alternative to provide safety and protection from criminals. We will write a custom essay on on Capital Punishment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In the modern world, the death penalty is treated in different ways. For example, almost all Europe, as well as Oceanic countries and Canada, have repealed the death penalty and executions. To the contrary, the United States, accept a decision to retain this punishment, even though some may consider it as a violation of the constitution. The society believes that our civilization has better and less cruel ways to punish serious criminals. What is more, the death penalty is an action against arguments in the constitution. Common opinion claims it to be a flouting of amendments ( 8th and 14th) in the Constitution. Execution and its methods Executions were as one of the means to deter criminals from committing murder and other forms of crimes. Despite the fact that the society considers unacceptable to use the death penalty in order to decrease murder frequency, the authority of some countries think differently and, thus, apply the following kinds of the death penalty: Lethal injection The United States first used a turn to such kind of death penalty more than 30 years ago.   Since then it is considered is the most widespread kind of capital punishment with its rate of 90%.   The procedure involves the use of a mix of drugs, where each one is lethal in appropriate amounts. Electrocution Another frequently used technique of execution used in the United States is electrocution.   The procedure looks as following: the criminal enters an execution chamber and is placed on a wooden chair with electric connections. The process begins, when all the necessary equipment is attached. The procedure may be repeated if the criminal is not pronounced to be dead. Hanging Death penalty where hanging is involved is one among the oldest. Only three states of the United States still turn to this method. Before the very process, the physician carefully examines the criminal and ensures immediate death without any obstacles. Gas inhalation Currently, this method is used only in four states and only as an alternative to other common forms of the death penalty. The only problem a wrongdoer faces is that the procedure may be long and death is not always instant. Shooting A wrongdoer may be shot once, for example by a neck shot. In other cases, a wrongdoer can be killed by a firing squad. The shooters usually aim at   wrongdoer’s chest so that to hit the lungs and heart. Advantages and disadvantages of the executions The death row has counted more than one thousand of prisoners that were condemned to the death penalty. The death penalty is a heated discussion nowadays. Some people agree and believe that the criminal who has committed murder should suffer the same death, while others disagree explaining it as an unacceptable action from the point of view of religion or ethics. Such opinions resulted in the distinction between the advantages and disadvantages of capital punishment. .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 , .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 .postImageUrl , .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 , .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515:hover , .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515:visited , .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515:active { border:0!important; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515:active , .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515 .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ueb0a7ef4984f579e688ca7297306e515:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: "On Dumpster Diving" EssayAdvantages Effective crime deterrent The death penalty is used not only to punish those, who   have committed murder, a crime against human or any other serious crime, but also in order to frighten people and wrongdoers, and put them off doing unacceptable things. The fear of sufferings should be the factor to stop a person from wrongdoing. Money saving It is well-known that the state spends huge amounts of money to implement wrongdoers on death row. They will save more money if a prisoner is sentenced to capital punishment than if they are locked for the whole life in prison. Even some specialists consider the health care and food supply of a prisoner to be worthless and just a waste of money. Short-time suffering The instance and the fact that a prisoner almost does not suffer   are among benefits of this action. Such widespread method as lethal injection is just a split second, as far as drugs are very toxic and its amounts cause instant death. Disadvantages Execution of a non-criminal It goes without saying that every system has its drawbacks and imperfections, so it sometimes happens that innocent people get imprisoned and are sentenced for crimes they are irrelevant too. An inhumane action The death penalty is an absolute controversy to what claim some religions, human morality, ethics. It is always necessary to remember one thing that we should never cause harm to one another and never do a thing to others that we would not do to ourselves. A reason for psychological trauma Psychotrauma is one more disadvantage of capital punishment. The death penalty involves not only a prisoner but also another person, who will take away their lives. That is why such action may leave a bad taste in mouth and pang of guilt. Conclusion Capital punishment is a concept that is treated differently in society. Even though there are people who express their disagreement and resentment concerning capital punishment, they are back-strapped and have no powers to interfere. Until they belong to authority, of course. While the government will stick to the thought that the capital punishment will frighten away criminals, they will see no results in the fluctuation of the number of murders and crimes. Every other person has its own rules to stick to and its own desires to be motivated by. Does a   person have a feeling of what is acceptable and what is not, then capital punishment has no influence on them?   The sky is the only limit in their actions.

Culture Essays (2953 words) - Pharmaceuticals Policy, CNX Nifty

2.0 ABOUT THE COMPANY 2.10 Background Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited is one of the largest pharmaceutical company in India, which was incorporated in year 1961. It started by Ranbir Singh and Gurbax Singh, as a distributor for a Japanese Company called Shionogi. The name Ranbaxy comes from the partial names of Ranbir and Gurbax. Bhai Mohan Singh bought the company over from his cousins in 1952, and as a family business, took his son Parvinder Singh in to build the business in 1967. The company went through a significant transformation in its business and scale under his leadership. On a more recent note, in 2008, Parvinder Singh?s sons Malvinder Mohan Singh and Shivinder Mohan Singh sold Ranbaxy to a Japanese Pharmaceutical Giant, Daiichi Sankyo. Operations however, is still divided into two divisions as Daiichi Sankyo, as the parent Company continues its major core business of research and developments of new Patent Products, whilst Ranbaxy, as its generic arm concentrates on the business that they are well versed with, which is the generic drugs (Off-Patents) division. Ranbaxy Malaysia Sdn. Bhd., is a subsidiary of Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited (RLL) India, which hold more than 51% of its shares. Since its incorporation in year 1984, the Company had to overcome many diversities in the industry that contributed in losses in the Company financials in its early years of operations. Although Ranbaxy is marked the largest pharmaceutical Company in India, it is at an infant Start-Up stage Company in Malaysia in 1984. As a pharmaceutical Company, the main source of income is derived from sales of Generic Pharmaceuticals Products and sales of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. 2.11 Organizational Structure Ranbaxy has Matrix Structure, as illustrated in Figure 1.1, in which people of the similar skill is pooled together so that they are able work together for a common goal. In Ranbaxy, It is divided into five functional departments which is Customer Service, Human Resource, Finance, Sales and Marketing. 2.12 General Composition Even though Ranbaxy Malaysia is a subsidiary of RLL India, the management in Malaysia consist of Malaysian. There is a total of 109 staff in Ranbaxy Malaysia Sdn Bhd. As a sales organization, sales and marketing staff comprises 83% of the total staff. The breakdown by competencies is as below. Figure 1.2 Staff by Department DEPARTMENTNO. OF STAFF HUMAN RESOURCE2 FINANCE10 SALES82 MARKETING9 CUSTOMER SERVICE5 The breakdown by race is as below. Figure 1.3 Staff By Race DEPARTMENTNO. OF STAFF MALAYS17 INDIANS69 CHINESE23 2.13 Product Ranbaxy deals with sales of Generic Off Patent products and Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API) in Malaysia. Its products includes: Figure 1.3 Products Of Ranbaxy Products Anti-Infectives Anti-Depressants Anti-AIDS Gastrointestinals Anti-Virals Anti-Rethrovirals Anti-Histamine Analgesics Tranquillizers Anti-Diabetics Lipid Lowering Agents Anti-Hypertensive Cardiovascular Over The Counter 2.14 Stage Of Business Of Ranbaxy Since its incorporation in year 1984, the Company has to overcome many diversities in the industry that contributed in losses in the Company financials in its early years of Operations. Although Ranbaxy is marked the largest pharmaceutical Company in India, it is at an infant Start-Up stage Company in Malaysia in 1984. As a pharmaceutical Company, the main source of income is derived from sales of Generic Pharmaceuticals Products and sales of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. Figure 1.4 Stages Of Business Life Cycle As the Company progressed, they mark a bearable percentage in terms of growth of the Company at about 3-5% profits per annum in years 1990 to year 1994. In 1995, Ranbaxy Malaysia employed its new Managing Director, MR. T. Jeyabalan, who has served the position until today. Throughout his tenure as the MD of Ranbaxy, many transformation has been done to built the Company from a 8.2M Ringgit in revenues in 1997 to 108M Ringgit in the years 2009. Over the years, the growth rate of the Company is very substantially high with year 2005 to 2009 achieving growth of nearly 15% versus the growth of the pharmaceutical industry as a whole, which is recorded at 5.6% per annum. To date, Ranbaxy is at an Established Stage. It is thoroughly believed throughout all the employees in the organization that the greatest contributor in the growth of the organization in attributed to its Managing Director himself, for being a visionary leader and able to adapt and adopt new changes for the growth and the betterment of the Company. The changes made has created a positive culture in the Company and its employees, great contributors in the success of the company. 2.2 CULTURE 2.20 Definition According

Dorothy Dandridge, First Oscar-Nominated Black Actress

Dorothy Dandridge, First Oscar-Nominated Black Actress Dorothy Dandridge (Nov. 9, 1922–Sept. 8, 1965) had everything it took to succeed in 1950s Hollywood- she could sing, dance, and act, and was beautiful- but she was born black. Despite the biased era in which she lived, Dandridge became the first black woman to grace the cover of Life magazine and to receive an Academy Award nomination for best actress in a major motion picture. Fast Facts: Dorothy Dandridge ï » ¿Known For: Groundbreaking black actor, singer, dancerBorn: Nov. 9, 1922 in Cleveland, OhioParents: Ruby and Cyril DandridgeDied: Sept. 8, 1965 in Hollywood, CaliforniaAwards and Honors: Academy Award nomination, Golden GlobeSpouse(s): Harold Nicholas, Jack DenisonChildren: LynnNotable Quote: If I were white, I could capture the world. Early Life When Dorothy Dandridge was born in Cleveland, Ohio, on Nov. 9, 1922, her parents had already separated. Dorothy’s mother, Ruby Dandridge, was five months pregnant when she left her husband Cyril, taking their older daughter Vivian with her.  Ruby believed her husband was a spoiled mamas boy who would never leave his mother’s house, so she left. Ruby supported her daughters with domestic work. Dorothy and Vivian displayed an early talent for singing and dancing and began performing at local theaters and churches when Dorothy was 5. Ruby’s friend Geneva Williams, moved in, and although she taught the girls to play the piano, she pushed them hard and cruelly punished them. Ruby never noticed. Years later, Vivian and Dorothy figured out that Williams was their mothers lover. She and Williams labeled Dorothy and Vivian The Wonder Children. They moved to Nashville, and Dorothy and Vivian signed with the National Baptist Convention to tour churches throughout the South. The Wonder Children toured for three years, attracting regular bookings and earning a solid income, but Dorothy and Vivian wearied of the act and long hours practicing. They had no time for activities normal for youngsters their age. Lucky Breaks The Great Depression dried up bookings, so Ruby moved them to Hollywood. where Dorothy and Vivian enrolled in dance classes. When Ruby heard the girls and a dance school friend sing together, she knew they were a great team. Now known as The Dandridge Sisters, their big break came in 1935 when they appeared in the Paramount musical The Big Broadcast of 1936. In 1937, they had a small part in the Marx Brothers film A Day at the Races. In 1938 the trio appeared in Going Places, performing Jeepers Creepers with Louis Armstrong, and was booked at New Yorks Cotton Club.  Williams and the girls moved there, but her mother, having found small acting jobs, stayed in Hollywood. In Cotton Club rehearsals, Dorothy met Harold Nicholas of the Nicholas Brothers dance team and they began dating. The Dandridge Sisters were a hit and attracted lucrative offers. Perhaps to get Dorothy away from Nicholas, Williams signed them for a European tour. They dazzled European audiences, but the tour was shortened by World War II. The Dandridge Sisters returned to Hollywood, where the Nicholas Brothers were filming. Dorothy resumed her romance with Nicholas. The Dandridge Sisters performed a few more engagements but eventually split up. Dorothy then began to work on a solo career. Hard Lessons Hoping to succeed without help from her mother or Williams, Dandridge landed small parts in low-budget films, including Four Shall Die (1940), Lady From Louisiana (1941), and Sundown (1941), and sang and danced with the Nicholas Brothers to Chattanooga Choo Choo† in Sun Valley Serenade (1941) with the Glenn Miller Band. Dandridge refused demeaning roles offered to black actors- savages, slaves, or servants- but the sisters worked steadily. They both married in 1942, with 19-year-old Dorothy Dandridge wedding 21-year-old Nicholas on Sept. 6. After a life of hard work, all she wanted was to be the ideal wife. Nicholas started taking long trips, however, and when he was home he spent his time playing golf or philandering. Dandridge blamed her sexual inexperience for Nicholass infidelity. When she happily discovered she was pregnant, she believed Nicholas would settle down. Dandridge, 20, delivered a lovely daughter, Harolyn (Lynn) Suzanne Dandridge, on Sept. 2, 1943. She was a loving mother, but as Lynn grew, Dandridge sensed something was wrong. Her hyper 2-year-old cried constantly and didnt interact with people. Lynn was deemed developmentally disabled, likely due to lack of oxygen during birth. During this troublesome period, Nicholas was often physically and emotionally unavailable. In 1949, she obtained a divorce, but Nicholas avoided paying child support. Now a single mother, Dandridge reached out to her mother and Williams to care for Lynn until she could stabilize her career. Club Scene Dandridge loathed nightclub performing but knew an immediate, substantial movie role was unlikely. She contacted an arranger she had worked with at the Cotton Club, who helped her become a sultry, dazzling performer. She was mostly well received but learned that racism in many places, including Las Vegas, was as bad as in the Deep South. Being black, she couldnt share a bathroom, lobby, elevator, or swimming pool with whites. Even when she was headlining, her dressing room was usually a janitors closet or dingy storage room. But critics raved about her performances. She opened at the famed Mocambo Club in Hollywood and was booked in New York, becoming the first African-American to stay in and perform at the Waldorf Astoria. Club dates gave Dandridge publicity to land film work. Bit parts flowed in, but Dandridge had to compromise her standards, agreeing in 1950 to play a jungle queen in Tarzan’s Peril. Finally, in August 1952, Dandridge got the lead in MGMs Bright Road, an all-black production about a Southern schoolteacher. She was ecstatic about her role, the first of three film appearances she made with Harry Belafonte- who eventually became a close friend. Stardom Good reviews earned an even greater prize. The lead in the 1954 movie Carmen Jones, based on the opera Carmen, called for a sultry vixen. Dandridge was neither. Director Otto Preminger reportedly thought she was too classy to play Carmen. Dandridge donned a wig, a low-cut blouse, a seductive skirt, and heavy make-up. When she entered Premingers office the next day, he reportedly yelled, Its Carmen! Carmen Jones opened on Oct. 28, 1954, and was a smash. Dandridges performance made her the first black woman on the cover of Life magazine. Then she learned of her Academy Award nomination for best actress. No other African-American had earned that distinction. After 30 years in show business, Dorothy Dandridge was a star. At the Academy Award ceremony on March 30, 1955, Dandridge shared the nomination with Grace Kelly, Audrey Hepburn, Jane Wyman, and Judy Garland. Though Kelly won for her role in The Country Girl, Dandridge at 32 had broken through Hollywoods glass ceiling. Tough Decisions While Carmen Jones was filming, Dandridge began an affair with Preminger, who was separated but still married. In 1950s America, interracial romance was taboo, and Preminger was careful to show only a business interest in her publicly. In 1956, she was offered the supporting role of slave girl Tuptim in The King and I, but Preminger advised against it. She regretted turning it down when The King and I became enormously successful. Dandridges relationship with Preminger soon soured. She was pregnant, but he refused to get a divorce. He broke off their relationship and Dandridge had an abortion to avoid scandal. Afterward, Dandridge was seen with many white co-stars. Anger over her dating â€Å"out of her race† flooded the media. In 1957, a tabloid reported on a tryst between her and a Lake Tahoe man.  Dandridge testified in court that such a liaison was impossible because a curfew for people of color confined her to her room. She won a $10,000 settlement. Bad Choices Two years after Carmen Jones, Dandridge returned to acting. Fox cast her alongside Belafonte in Island in the Sun, a controversial movie dealing with interracial relationships. She protested the dispassionate love scene with her white co-star, but the producers were nervous. The film was successful but deemed nonessential by critics. Dandridge was frustrated. She couldnt find opportunities to showcase her talents and her career lost momentum. While the United States pondered race issues, Dandridges manager Earl Mills secured a role for her in the French film Tamango. The movie, which portrayed her in steamy love scenes with blond co-star Curd Jurgens, was a hit in Europe but wasnt shown in America until four years later. In 1958, Dandridge was chosen to play a native girl in The Decks Ran Red. Like Tamango, it was considered unremarkable. Dandridge was desperate, so when she was offered the lead in a major production of Porgy and Bess in 1959, she jumped at it. The characters were stereotypes- drunks, drug addicts, rapists, and other undesirables- that she had avoided her entire career, yet she was tormented by her refusal to appear in The King and I. Against the advice of Belafonte, who turned down Porgy, Dandridge accepted the role of Bess. Her performance won a Golden Globe, but the film didnt live up to the hype.   Hitting Bottom Dandridge married restaurant owner Jack Denison on June 22, 1959. Dandridge loved his attention, but his restaurant was failing, so she agreed to perform there to attract business. Mills, now her former manager, warned against it, but she listened to Denison. Dandridge soon discovered that Denison was physically abusive. Adding insult to injury, an investment she had made turned out to be a scam. Dandridge was broke. She began drinking heavily while taking anti-depressants. She finally kicked Denison out of her Hollywood Hills home and filed for divorce in November 1962. Dandridge, who earned $250,000 the year she married Denison, filed for bankruptcy after losing everything. Things got worse. She hadnt paid her daughters caretaker for two months, so she was caring for Lynn, now 20, violent, and unmanageable. No longer able to afford private care, she had to commit Lynn to the state mental hospital. Increasingly desperate, Dandridge contacted Mills, who agreed to manage her again and help her regain her health. He got her into a health spa in Mexico and planned several nightclub engagements there. By most accounts, Dandridge was coming back strong, receiving enthusiastic responses for the Mexican performances. She was scheduled for a New York engagement but fractured her foot on a flight of stairs while in Mexico. The doctor recommended having a cast placed on her foot. Death On the morning of Sept. 8, 1965, back in Hollywood, Dandridge asked Mills to reschedule the appointment for her cast so she could get more sleep. When he went to pick her up that afternoon, he found her on the bathroom floor, dead at age 42. Her death was initially attributed to a blood clot from her fractured foot, but an autopsy revealed a lethal dose of the anti-depressant Tofranil. Whether the overdose was accidental or intentional remains unknown. Legacy Dandridges last wishes, left in a note given to Mills months before her death, were for all her belongings to go to her mother. Despite her Life magazine cover, her Oscar nomination, her Golden Globe, and her extensive body of work, only $2.14 remained in her bank account after her death. Sources Dorothy Dandridge: American Singer and Actress. Encyclopedia Britannica.Dorothy Dandridge Biography. Biography.com.

Renault Vehicle Industries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Renault Vehicle Industries - Essay Example Agility in the organizational process in responding to market demands can only be achieved through organizational structures, which are well-integrated, less bureaucratic and collectively aligned towards achieving the organizational objectives (Thomson & Strickland 2003). Â  The case study analyses the current issues being faced by Renault Vehicles Industries, (RVI) the French Auto manufacturer with regards to organizational structure and culture. The analysis will take into account the current status of the organization and identify the problem areas being encountered at Renault. The insight gained from the analysis will aid in explaining the past background and how the company has developed to its current stage as well as what the future may hold if the organization proceeds without interventions. Lastly, the analysis will also provide suggestions and recommendations for intervention and create change at Renault to succeed in the ever-competitive field of automobile industry. Â  Renault Vehicle Industries, initially established in 1915 as Berlite was nationalized in 1915 and name changed to Renault in 1978. The company mainly focuses on the manufacturing of heavy goods & transport vehicles and buses. The company’s annual turnover levels are in the range of 25,000 million francs and across Europe, the company holds nearly 10% of market share for heavy goods & Transport vehicle segment. Renault busses and coaches hold over 50% of the market share in France. The company is ranked third in the world market for heavy goods and transport vehicle market. The Venissieux site houses two production facilities, which produce buses and coaches. Little over 5,000 people are employed at the Renault factories and 60% of the workforce is shop floor workers.